MyAnimeList (MAL) is an English-language anime and manga database combined with a social cataloging community: users look up titles, maintain watching/reading lists with per-episode or per-chapter progress, and score entries on a 1–10 scale that feeds the site's weighted rankings. Launched in November 2004, its content is maintained by volunteer users, and the site describes itself as the world's largest anime and manga database. According to the site's own figures from January 2023, the database held 23,774 anime and 62,056 manga entries, 155,158 character entries, and 13.9 million registered users. Since May 2025 the site has been wholly owned by Gaudiy, a Tokyo-based entertainment technology company.

The screenshot above shows the MyAnimeList home page (taken 2026-09-02): the current season (Summer 2026) and the manga store on the left, a "Top Airing Anime" digest ranked by member count on the right, and navigation covering anime, manga, community, and industry news. Almost everything is readable without an account.
At a glance
- URL: https://myanimelist.net/
- Type: Anime/manga database + social cataloging (user-generated content)
- Cost: Free with ads; the paid MAL Supporter subscription removes ads and adds perks
- Registration: Not required for browsing; a free account is needed for lists, scoring, and posting
- Interface language: English only (titles are primarily romanized Japanese)
- Launched: November 2004
- Operator: MyAnimeList Co., Ltd. (Tokyo), a wholly owned subsidiary of Gaudiy since May 2025
Background: four acquisitions and publisher shareholders
MyAnimeList was created by Garrett Gyssler in November 2004. Originally called AnimeList, it adopted the "My" prefix in the fashion of Myspace, the dominant social network of the time. The site has changed hands four times since (sources: Wikipedia and the official announcements linked below):
- August 2008: acquired by CraveOnline (AtomicOnline), a US men's lifestyle site network.
- January 2015: Japanese internet company DeNA bought MAL from CraveOnline, becoming its first Japanese owner.
- January 2019: e-book distributor Media Do acquired all shares from DeNA; at the time the site reported about 10 million monthly users and 130 million monthly page views.
- February–July 2021: under Media Do, MAL ran a third-party share allotment in which manga's "big three" publishers—Kodansha, Shueisha, and Shogakukan—together with Media Do underwrote half of a ¥1.2 billion raise. KADOKAWA, DMM, Akatsuki, Bushiroad, Dentsu, and others followed, bringing the total to ¥1.36 billion. The company then reported roughly 18 million monthly active users across more than 230 countries and regions.
- May 7, 2025: Media Do transferred its entire stake to Gaudiy, a Tokyo Web3/AI company, making Gaudiy the sole owner. A day later Gaudiy announced a ¥10 billion strategic investment from Sony Group and Bandai Namco Holdings. Site management stated the existing team and operations would carry over.
The database and list tracking
MAL catalogs Japanese anime and manga alongside Korean aeni and manhwa, Chinese donghua and manhua, doujinshi, and light novels. Each entry page aggregates the weighted score, rankings, member counts, synopsis, staff, genres and themes, and related works. Database content is submitted by volunteers and reviewed by database administrators.

Above is the entry page for Cowboy Bebop (screenshot from 2026-09-02): a weighted score of 8.75, ranked #50 overall and #41 by popularity, with about 2.08 million members listing it; the left sidebar carries structured data such as episode count, airing dates, studios, and themes.

For current shows, the seasonal page shown above lists every title in a broadcast season (e.g., Summer 2026), filterable by format (TV, ONA, movie, and so on); each card shows the premiere date, studio, source material, and current score. The page also integrates legal streaming availability by region.
Scoring and rankings
Registered users score list entries from 1 to 10. Rankings use a weighted formula documented by the site: an entry needs a minimum number of scoring users, only scores from users who have completed at least one-fifth of the title are counted, and scores from illegitimate accounts created to sway votes are excluded. Ranks are recalculated twice a day, and R18+ entries are excluded from the top lists.

The screenshot above shows the Top Anime ranking (2026-09-02): Frieren: Beyond Journey's End at #1, Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood at #2 with 9.11, and a note that the chart updates twice a day. Separate charts exist for airing, upcoming, and per-format rankings. In February 2020 the site updated its scoring rules to counter vote brigading.
Community, accounts, and open access
Beyond the database, MAL hosts reviews, recommendations, forums, clubs, blogs, Interest Stacks, industry news, and annual watching/reading challenges; official iOS and Android apps are available. As of January 2023 the site held over 220,000 reviews and 280,000 recommendations.
For developers, there is an official API v2: register an application for a Client ID, then access it via OAuth 2.0 to query entry details, rankings, and seasonal lists, or to update a user's list on their behalf. The community also maintains Jikan, an unofficial, free, MIT-licensed proxy that scrapes MAL's public pages and reports handling over 25 million requests per week—useful when write access is not needed. One caveat: in May 2018 the site disabled its API during GDPR-related maintenance, breaking most third-party apps, so API policies have shifted before.
Copyright and content policy
As a user-generated-content site, MAL's Terms of Use (last updated 2025-12-16) state that users are responsible for what they post and, by posting, grant MyAnimeList Co., Ltd. a non-exclusive, worldwide, sublicensable, transferable, royalty-free, perpetual, and irrevocable license to that content; the terms also enumerate prohibited content categories. The site runs a DMCA notice-and-counter-notice process and terminates repeat infringers. Database entries and synopses are maintained by volunteers, and forum moderation is handled by volunteer moderators whose views do not represent the company.
Good for
- Looking up staff, relations, and English-speaking fan reception for a given anime or manga
- Keeping a long-term, cross-device record of what you have watched or read
- Following a broadcast season and finding backlog titles via charts and recommendations
- Building apps that need anime/manga metadata (official API or Jikan)
Limitations
- English only: the interface and database are English, with titles mostly in romanized Japanese, which can hinder searching in other languages; multilingual database support was announced as a goal in 2021, but as of 2026-09-02 the UI remains English-only.
- Blocked in Russia: on October 22, 2025, media regulator Roskomnadzor added MAL to Russia's national blocklist over alleged "extremist" LGBTQ+ content.
- Volatile scores: ratings for new and airing shows swing with audience influxes; the weighted formula and anti-brigading rules mitigate this, but chart positions are only one reference point.
- Past outages and incidents: extended maintenance and API shutdown in May 2018; a May 2023 hack defaced entry titles site-wide and cost roughly 8.5 hours of list updates and posts after a backup restore (the site said no personal data was breached).
- Ads on the free tier: display ads are present; removing them requires a MAL Supporter subscription.
Alternatives
- AniList — a comparable tracking and database site with a more modern interface and a GraphQL API.
- AniDB — a long-running, non-commercial anime database focused on file-level and episode-precise data.
- Anime News Network — stronger on industry news and encyclopedia coverage, complementary to MAL's tracking community.
Sources
- MyAnimeList and the official About page (checked 2026-09-02)
- MyAnimeList on English Wikipedia (ownership history, 2018 API shutdown, 2023 hack, scoring mechanics)
- Happy New Year & 2022 Wrap-Up! (official forum) (database and user statistics as of 2023-01-04; MAL Supporter)
- Media Do Acquires MyAnimeList Business from DeNA (2019 acquisition details and traffic figures)
- Kodansha, Shueisha, Shogakukan Invest in MyAnimeList (2021 ¥1.2 billion allotment; 18 million monthly active users)
- MyAnimeList Acquired by Gaudiy Inc. (May 7, 2025 sole-ownership announcement)
- Sony Group press release (¥10 billion investment in Gaudiy by Sony and Bandai Namco)
- MyAnimeList Terms of Use (UGC license and DMCA; updated 2025-12-16)
- Top Anime scoring notes (weighted formula and ranking rules)
- MAL API v2 documentation and Jikan (developer access)
- The Moscow Times (Russia block)




